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By James P. MillardThe Battle of Lake George, not to be confused with The Battle of Fort William Henry, was fought on September 8, 1755 between French and Indian forces under the command of German Baron Ludwig August Dieskau and British and Colonial troops under Sir William Johnson. On April 14, 1755, Governors of the British Provinces met in Virginia to determine a strategy to force the French from North America. It was determined that three separate campaigns would be undertaken against the enemy. One, under Sir William Johnson, would move against French interests in the Lake George/ Lake Champlain corridor.
The Battle of Lake George... |
Dieskau mounts an expedition to cut the supply lines of the attacking English forces. Leaving the majority of his men in the St. Frédéric/Carillon area, he sets out south with 220 regulars, 680 Canadians and 600 Indians. Believing there is only a token force at Fort Lyman (Ft. Edward), Dieskau hopes to effectively end the threat by cutting off the invaders supplies. Leaving 120 troops to guard the bateaus at South Bay, he marches to within 4 miles of the Fort. Learning his intelligence was faulty and that Fort Lyman was garrisoned by a large force, Dieskau withdraws back to South Bay. In the meantime, however, William Johnson at Lake George had learned of Dieskaus' presence and intentions. He sends Col. Ephraim Williams with 1,000 troops and 200 Indians to reinforce the British at the Hudson. The Indians are led by the famous Mohawk war chief, King Hendrick. |
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Note: This aging monument was replaced in June 2005 by Williams College with an exact replica.* These photos show the likely site of the ambush along the road between Fort Edward and Fort William Henry. Dieskau's forces were hidden along each side of this stretch of the military road. In later years the Delaware and Hudson Company built a railroad along this path. Col. Williams, his horse shot out from underneath him, was shot in the head as he climbed this rock, seeking to rally his troops. Later, in an attempt to keep his body from being mutilated by the Indians, he was buried under the rock seen at right. | |||||
Upon the death of Col. Williams, Nathan Whiting assumes command. The British panic, wildly retreating north to the lake. Hearing the gunfire only a short time after Williams' group had left, the garrison at the Fort goes on alert and immediately dispatches Lt. Colonel Edward Cole with some 300 men to assist Williams. The retreating forces under Williams retreat to a small pond where they make another brief stand before continuing their retreat. By 10:00 am the majority of Whiting's troops have reached their colleagues at Lake George. The British, in the meantime, have prepared for the oncoming French force. They have several cannon and other field pieces in position. The French force appear in front of the British lines around Noon, marching directly into the center of the British position. A heated battle then ensues with the oncoming French being mowed down by the English. The momentum turns temporarily when a wave of Williams' retreating soldiers rush the lines, momentarily panicking the British forces. William Johnson himself takes a musket ball in the leg, and the shaken British are rallied by none other than Phineas Lyman, who ordered his officers to stop anyone from retreating.
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These photos, taken in Lake George Battlefield Park, show the approximate site of the second engagement. It was in this vicinity that the British, barricaded behind logs, stumps and wagons, held off the attack of French regulars, Canadians and Indians shortly after the ambush along the road. | ||||
The French advance is halted, Dieskau himself was shot three times. By 5:00 the British provincials rush over their barricades after the retreating French forces. Dieskau, desperately wounded, is left behind by his men. He is taken to the fort where a cot is set up for him in Johnson's own tent. Johnson, in keeping with the customs of the day, treats Dieskau with the utmost civility, even bringing him to his own home in Albany to convalesce. Several years later Baron Dieskau died in France from the effects of his wounds. Later that day, after the bulk of the fighting is over, some 300 New Hampshire and New York The series of skirmishes and engagements known collectively as The Battle of Lake George, ended in the first significant win against the French forces by British Provincials. The number of casualties on each side is uncertain, however Peter Palmer states in his history that "the loss of the English this day was about two hundred and sixteen killed and ninety-six wounded; of the French the loss was much greater." He claims Johnson estimated the French losses at 500-600, while stating that another source noted it as "a little short of eight hundred."1 1Peter S. Palmer, "History of Lake Champlain, from its first exploration by the French in 1609 to the close of the year 1814.) (New York: Frank F. Lovell & Company 1886) 61
*Our thanks to Susan Dean for bringing this information to our attention. |

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